[LargeFormat] WWII signal Corp newsgroups

[philip.lambert]

That must be the best answer I could get for nothing! PL
----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Richard Knoppow" <dickburk@ix.netcom.com>
To: "Large Format List" <largeformat@f32.net>
Sent: Friday, January 03, 2003 9:58 AM
Subject: Re: [LargeFormat] WWII signal Corp newsgroups


> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "philip.lambert" <philip.lambert@ntlworld.com>
> To: <largeformat@f32.net>
> Sent: Friday, January 03, 2003 12:23 AM
> Subject: Re: [LargeFormat] WWII signal Corp newsgroups
> 
> 
> > When was colour film first available?  I vaguely heard
> about Dufaycolor, a
> > reseau of coloured starch granules was it? Early 20th
> century perhaps.PL
> >
> >
>   I am not sure of the dates without doing some research.
> Dufay Color seems to me to have originated in the 1920's.
> Dufaycolor was one of the later "screen plates". These are
> additive positive color films using a reseau of color filers
> over the emulsion. The filter may take the form of strips of
> pigments coated over the surface of the support or of
> colored grains of starch or other material under the
> emulsion. The emulsions are essentially conventional single
> panchromatic emulsions processed by reversal. Screen plate
> processes date from before 1900.
>   There were other methods of single film color manufactured
> commercially at one time or another. For instance, Kodak
> made a lenticular motion picture film under the name
> Kodacolor in the late 1920s. Lenticular color film again has
> a conventional single panchromatic emulsion. The three color
> images are produced by a series of semicylindrical lenses of
> very small size molded into the back side of the support.
> These are called lenticules. The lens has a striped filter
> on it. The lens must be fast, not only to compensate for the
> rather slow film but to give a large enough difference in
> angle to the color stripes coming from it. These stripes are
> imaged on the film by the lenticules. Some attempt at
> application to theatrical motion pictures was made by
> Paramount Pictures in co-operation with Kodak, in the early
> 1930's but the problem of reproduction of the lenticular
> film proved insurmountable. The system also has problems
> with color fringing around out-of-focus elements in the
> image.
>   There are two classic histories of color photography. Both
> were reprinted by Focal Press and are somewhat available
> although the originals are very rare.
> 1, _The History of Three Color Photography_ E.J.Wall, First
> Edition, 1925, the Focal Press, London, reprint, 1970,
> London, The Focal Press, ISBN 0-240-50702- 9
>   It should be noted that for some reason Wall decided to
> minimise the value of the extensive work done by F.E.Ives,
> apparently due to a personal animosity.
> 
> 2, _History of Color Photography_ Joseph S. Friedman, Phd,
> original edition 1944, reprinted 1956, (Boston) The American
> Photographic Book Publishing Company. Reprinted 1968,
> (London) The Focal Press Limited ISBN 0-240-44888 X.
> 
>   One should also consult _From Dry Plates to Ektachrome_
> C.E.K.Mees, The Eastman Kodak Company. my copy is hiding
> under something right now so I don't have further
> publication data.
> 
>   There are some articles by Herbert T. Kalmus, one of the
> founders of Technicolor, on the web. A Google search for his
> name will find them.
>   Technicolor used a method of producing color separation
> negatives in the camera and printing with dye transfer.
> Their first attempts were a two color process using
> bi-packed or duplitized film. In 1935 Technicolor released
> their three-color system using a special color separation
> camer which shot three strips of film at the same time. This
> camera was used until 1951 when it was replaced by standard
> cameras using Eastman Color Negative film. The dye transfer
> printing process was continued until the mid 1970's.
> Technicolor is trying to reintroduce the printing process
> now.
> 
>   The two books mentioned above should be available through
> larger library systems. They will give you about as good an
> overview of early color processes as can be had along with
> some of the roots of modern processes.
>   I should add that attempts at natural color photograhy go
> back to the earliest photographs. It is quite common to find
> hand colored Daguerreotypes and hand coloring was applied to
> all other forms of photographic images, including the
> individual coloring of motion picture frames.
> 
> 
> ---
> Richard Knoppow
> Los Angeles, CA, USA
> dickburk@ix.netcom.com
> 
> 
> 
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